7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, which is also called Osthole or Osthol commonly abbreviated as OST, is a natural coumarin that was first made from the Cnidium plant. It has the chemical formula C15H16O3 and a total molecular weight(molecular mass) of 244.28.
The mature fruit of Cnidium monnieri (Fructus cnidii), which is often used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) clinics, has a lot of Osthole. It is also found in many other medicinal plants, such as Angelica, Archangelica, Citrus, and Clausena.
Most of the health benefits of Fructus cnidii are thought to come from one of its main bioactive components, Osthole, which is thought to strengthen the immune system, improve male function, relieve rheumatic pain, and get rid of dampness. Recent studies suggest that Osthole has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immune-modulating properties.
Since multiple bioactivities of Osthole have been found, it would be good to develop Osthole and its derivatives as possible multitarget drugs. So, it’s important to look at a summary of the pharmacological and biological research on this coumarin to understand how it works and what all of its different functions are.
Experiments done in vitro and in vivo have shown that Osthole has many pharmacological effects, such as neuroprotective, osteogenic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, and antimicrobial effects.
Also, pharmacokinetic studies showed that the body quickly and effectively takes in and uses Osthole. Also, the mechanisms of Osthole’s many pharmacological effects are likely related to its ability to change the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cGMP), although some of these mechanisms are still not clear.

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